Hepatitis is caused by viruses and Bacteria (Leptospira sps.) and can be Acute(sudden) or Chronic(prolonged). The easy infection of viruses is due to immuno deficiency in humans against the viruses.
The Major Symptoms of hepatitis are Malaise(Inactivity), Anorexia(Loss of appetite), nausea, jaundice, Liver failure, Cirrhosis(Liver Fibrosis), Hepatic coma, Atrophy of Glands etc.

Hepatitis is categorised into 5 types depending on different viruses causing it into namely :
1. Hepatitis A - Infectious Hepatitis or epidemic hepatitis.
2. Hepatitis B - Serum Hepatitis or Serum Jaundice.
3. Hepatitis C - Non A non B hepatitis.
4. Hepatitis D
5. Hepatitis E

Hepatitis A is ahighly infectious disease caused by Enterovirus reffered to as Hepatitis A Virus(HAV) and the incubation peiod for this disease is about 2 - 8 weeks and the disease is called Short Incubation Hepatitis. The virus replicates in the liver of the host.
Treatment of this disease can be done by immunising with inactivated viral vaccine. This disease in comtaminted in the water and feed, so sanitory conditions should be improved to prevent the disease.

Hepatitis B is a parentally transmitted disease. It is caused by HBV, a hepadna virus which is present in the blood. It shows few symptoms and sometimes if passes off asymptomatically. The incubation period is 1 - 6 months so the disease is called Long Incubation Hepatitis. It is transmitted from mother to child, between intravenous drug abusers, also in Male Homosexuals.
The disease causes Cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. The disease can be prevented by using sterlised needles for testing and can be treated by vaccinising with Hepatitis B vaccine.

Hepatitis C is Non A non B hepatitis with an incubation of 7 - 8 weeks. This disease is common in parental drug abusers and also through Blood transfusion.

Hepatitis D & E are less common diseases with very less effect and symptoms. Hepatitis D virus requires the presence Of hepatitis B virus for its multiplication.

Humans are Dioecious i.e. contain male and female gonads in different induviduals.Male Gonads produce sperms and the female gametes produce Ovum. Lower animals ad plants are usually Monoecious.
The chromosomes which help in determination of the sex of the offspring are called the Allosomes or Sex Chromosomes. Whereas the vegtative chromosomes which are not helpful in sex are called the Autosomes.

The method of sex determination in Human Beings is XY type, where in males, the Allosomes are XY type and in females the allosomes are XX
type. Humans contain 46 chromosomes in the nucleus of the cell out of which, 44 are autosomes and other 2 are allosomes.
On production of gametes, the no. of chromosomes is reduced to half , i.e. in the gametes there are 23 chromosomes. But the type of chromosomes is not same.

In females, ova contains 22 autosomes and 1 X chromosome.
In males, the sperm contains 22 autosomes as in ovum but the allosome can be either X or Y type, i.e. a sperm can contain either X or Y alloome.
During fertilisation, if sperm with X allosome fuses with the ovum, then it results into formation of female offspring (XX) and if Y allosome of male fuses with the ovum, then it results to the formation of Male offspring (XY).

Thus, Ovum has no role in sex determination but the sperm has the role of sex determination in human beings, i.e. if sperm has X allosome, offspring is female and if Y allosome is present, offspring if male.
                                                    

You read it all right! Cialis (Tadalafil),
currently the most trusted drug for Erectile Dysfunction is up for multiple
sales in not just the United States, it has made inroads into the major markets
in Europe and Australia as well, and for all the right reasons. It stays in
your system longer than Viagra does (up to 36
hours!), has fewer and less severe side effects, works just as well for
Diabetics and helps you hold the erection long enough to see you right through
a sexual intercourse, and maybe even more! If you
thought that was all you’d ever hear of about Cialis, read on.

According to recent studies and extensive research conducted by various
sources, including PR Newswire, Cialis leads all the way in new treatment
initiations for Erectile Dysfunction,
more and more men selecting Cialis over other ED medications after having tried
more than eight different variations in the PDE-5 category. It has also begun
to challenge the position of Viagra vis-à-vis it’s standing in the market and
preference by patients of erectile dysfunction. Cialis has claimed market
shares of 19 percent to 39 percent across Europe,
and even higher in some other markets. According to a marketing authority from

LILY ICOS, the manufacturers and developers of Cialis. This has primarily been
because of two important benefits that have changed the way doctors and
patients alike, look at the treatment of erectile dysfunction:

• A 36-hour opportunity for intimacy

• The ability to take the tablet on an empty stomach or with a meal, without
concern that a high fat intake will reduce the absorption of the medication.

As for the duration of the sexual intercourse, it all depends on the intensity
of the arousal and the intensity of the intercourse itself. Although the side
effects are minor and very rarely problematic, it is important to consult your
doctor and should be avoided by those on Nitrates or Alpha-blockers, usually
prescribed for chest pain, high blood pressure, chest pain or prostrate
problems.

There’s still more. There are tones of online pharmacies that offer cheap
Cialis that has not only been approved by F.D.A, but has also been
recommended by users and physicians as well. Some of these pharmacies are:
cialis.discutfree.com, www.nevaobject.com, cialonline.coz.in, www.drugstore.com
and so on. With the competition rising by the day in the market and more and
more men around the globe getting to know of the tremendous benefits of this
wonder drug, it is likely that prices will fall further. It’s time you swore by
Cialis too!

“World is divided into two categories of people”, can you specify these two categories? The instant thought that comes into one’s mind is category of males and females which is a biologically correct answer. However, when we think of it logically, one may realize that our complex world is divided into- “people who are winners” and “people who are losers” irrespective of their country, age, sex, caste or color.

Winners are those who are tuff and who continue to face life with confidence in all difficult situations. On the other hand, losers are those who refrain from tuff situations and tend to remain in their comfortable zone. But due to ever increasing work pressure and other complexities in our daily lives, such circumstances are arising in which even the most tuff person find it difficult to handle certain situations with confidence. One particular cause which can lead to such a situation is erectile dysfunction or just ED.

A male suffering from ED is unable to sustain his penis erection for a pertinent period, due to which he cannot have satisfactory sexual intercourse with his partner. Lack of erection is due to improper flow of blood to the muscles and blood vessels in the penile area. Under some cases he may not get any erection at all even after all kinds of stimulations from his partner. In such extreme cases they can’t even afford to have oral sex resulting
in complete failure of their sexual encounter. This causes great embarrassment on the part male partner who generally ends up doing nothing but worrying.

Such state of mind of male partner is understandable as many question marks must be revolving in his mind like getting dumped, unknown degree of the problem, is there any remedy?, how to reveal it to physician? A better option for you is to talk about it with your physician who’ll prescribe the appropriate remedy to overcome your ED problem. An FDA approved drug named Cialis has already proved its effectiveness in curing ED. It contains a compound called tadalafil, which relaxes the muscles and blood vessels in the penile area causing increased blood flow leading to a full and hard erection and fulfillment of your liaisons on bed.

Cialis is easily available on any pharmacy, so now, you should say bye to race of losers rejoin the race of winners by regaining your confidence which was lost due to ED problem. You may buy Cialis online from a pharmacy of your choice. So all you need is an internet connection and you are clicks away from obtaining cheap Cialis from a cheap Cialis pharmacy which will present you with priceless pleasure pills at unbelievable price.

Before we discuss carpal tunnel syndrome treatment it is first important to learn how this condition occurs. The carpal tunnel is a narrow passage of both bone and ligaments in your wrist. The median nerve passes through this passage. For most people there is never a problem with this nerve passing through this small tunnel. However, continuous wrist and hand movement puts stress on the tendons, and may even cause them to swell. This swelling logically limits the space in the tunnel and can eventually put pressure on the median nerve. The pressure has the undesired effects of numbness, pain and limited movement. There are many activities that contribute to these overuse injuries.

Overuse injuries are very common in occupations that include keyboarding, playing musical instruments or even workers on an assemble line. It is the repetition with the hand and wrist that exposes oneself to this sort of inflammation and discomfort. The most common form manifests itself in the wrist. Additional symptoms include pain, weakness, burning, numbness or even tingling in the hand. If you are experiencing any of these feelings then you need carpal tunnel syndrome treatment. The good news is that there is help that you can do from home as long as your pain and discomfort are only moderate. This moderate discomfort accounts for the vast majority of all cases. However, without a lifestyle change and any treatment your pain and mobility can progress to severe. For more severe cases you will need to consider surgery or even physical therapy treatment.

For moderate cases cold pack therapy will provide just the relief you need. Gel ice packs will not only lessen the pain they will also help reduce the swelling and pressure on the median nerve and provide immediate, temporary relief around the wrist. Of cou
rse this form of carpal tunnel syndrome treatment must be applied appropriately. We recommend applying cold therapy in 10 to 20 minute increments. Do not apply ice directly to the skin. This cannot only cause pain and discomfort due to the cold, but could eventually lead to damage. There are numerous ways to avoid this direct contact. The most common technique is to use a towel to serve as both a container and a barrier. However, this method does not treat the entire wrist, can be messy and will involve another hand or some bandage to hold it in place. Not a big deal, but it will prevent you from accomplishing anything else, and may take more time if you decide to rotate the ice around each side of the wrist. Fortunately, companies have finally started to make sports medicine cold pack therapy products just for this condition. I recommend purchasing one of these ice wraps made especially for the wrist. They are very inexpensive, often less than $25.

Custom ice wraps are extremely comfortable and provide effective carpal tunnel syndrome treatment. The concept is very simple. Manufacturers begin with gel ice packs. This gel is a special substance that freezes quickly and feels comfortable when applied. The packs are then sealed in plastic or rubber before being placed in a special material that is perfect for many physical therapy applications. Once such material is neoprene, but there are others. Neoprene adds the perfect amount of insulation and padding without preventing the cold pack therapy process from working. Now you have a finished ice wrap that is a perfect carpal tunnel syndrome treatment. They can be put right back into the freezer for multiple applications. The nice thing about these ice wraps is that they may be used over your clothes without creating a mess when the ice thaws.